Image Processing Variations with Analytic Kernels

Abstract: Let

f i n L^{1} (R^{d})

be real. The Rudin-Osher-Fatemi model is to minimize

| u |_{d o t B V} + l a m b d a | f - u |_{L^{2}}^{2}

, in which one thinks of

f

as a given image,

l a m b d a > 0

as a "tuning parameter",

u

as an optimal "cartoon" approximation to

f

, and

f - u

as "noise" or "texture". Here we study variations of the R-O-F model having the form

i n f_{u} | u |_{d o t B V} + l a m b d a | K * (f - u) |_{L^{p}}^{q}

where

K

is a real analytic kernel such as a Gaussian. For these functionals we characterize the minimizers

u

and establish several of their properties, including especially their smoothness properties. In particular we prove that on any open set on which

u i n W^{1, 1}

and

a b l a u e q 0

almost every level set

u = c

is a real analytic surface. We also prove that if

f

and

K

are radial functions then every minimizer

u

is a radial step function.

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