Solution of the Sturm-Liouville and the Korteweg-de-Vries equations with periodic and quasi-periodic parameters using theory of vessels

arXiv1205.5285MaRDI QIDQ6233218FDOQ6233218

Publication date: 23 May 2012

Abstract: We prove the existence of solutions to the Sturm-Liouville (SL) equation -y"(x)+q(x)y(x) = s^2 y(x) with periodic and quasi-periodic potential q(x) using theory of SL vessels, implementing a Backlund transformation of SL equation. In this paper quasi-periodic means a finite sum of periodic integrable functions. The solutions for a general s are explicitly constructed in terms of the solutions zn(x), satisfying the SL equation with initial conditions zn(0)=0, zn'(0)=1 for a discrete Levinson set of numbers s=sn, n-natural number. The tau function tau(x) of the corresponding vessel realizes the given potential via the formula q(x)= - 2(ln(tau(x)))". We also prove an analogue of the inverse scattering theorem in this setting too. Using the notion of "KdV evolutionary vessel", we construct a solution of the Korteweg-de-Vries (KdV) equation q'_t = - 3/2 q q'_x + 1/4 q"'_{xxx}, which coincides for t=0 with a given (periodic or quasi-periodic) potential.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Completeness problems, closure of a system of functions of one complex variable (30B60) Linear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B05) Nonlinear boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations (34B15) Scattering theory for PDEs (35P25) Nonlinear eigenvalue problems and nonlinear spectral theory for PDEs (35P30) Applications of functional analysis to differential and integral equations (46N20) General theory of partial differential operators (47F05) Sturm-Liouville theory (34B24) General theory of ordinary differential operators (47E05) Initial-boundary value problems for nonlinear higher-order PDEs (35G31) Overdetermined initial-boundary value problems for PDEs and systems of PDEs (35N30)

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