Universal bound independent of geometry for solution to symmetric diffusion equation in exterior domain with boundary flux

arXiv1312.3432MaRDI QIDQ6247243FDOQ6247243

Ross G. Pinsky

Publication date: 12 December 2013

Abstract: Fix $R>0$ and let $B_R$ denote the ball of radius $R$ centered at the origin in $R^d$, $dge2$. Let $Dsubset{B}_R$ be an open set with smooth boundary and such that $$ is connected, and let ${\displaystyle }$ L=sum_{i,j=1}^da_{i,j}frac{partial^2}{partial x_ipartial x_j}-sum_{i=1}^db_ifrac{partial}{partial x_i} ${\displaystyle }$ be a second order elliptic operator. Consider the following linear heat equation in the exterior domain $$ with boundary flux: �egin{equation*} �egin{aligned} &L u=0 ext{in} R^d-�ar D;\ &a abla ucdot �ar n=-h ext{on} partial D;\ &u>0 ext{is minimal}, end{aligned} end{equation*} where $hgneq0$ is continuous, and where $$ is the unit inward normal to the domain $$. The operator $L$ must possess a Green's function in order that a solution $u$ exist. An important feature of the equation is that there is no a priori bound on the supremum $$ of the solution exclusively in terms of the boundary flux $h$, the hyper-surface measure of $partialD$ and the coefficients of $L$; rather the geometry of $Dsubset{B}_R$ plays an essential role. However, we prove that in the case that $L$ is a it symmetric operator m with respect to some reference measure, then it outside of m $$, the solution to eqref{LHE} is uniformly bounded, independent of the particular choice of $Dsubset{B}_R$. The proof uses a combination of analytic and probabilistic techniques.

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