An extension of the Hermite-Biehler theorem with application to polynomials with one positive root

MaRDI QIDQ6282487zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Richard Ellard, Helena Šmigoc

Publication date 26 January 2017

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Inverse problems in linear algebra (15A29) Asymptotic stability in control theory (93D20) Real polynomials: location of zeros (26C10)

Abstract: If a real polynomial $f(x)=p(x^2)+xq(x^2)$ is Hurwitz stable (every root if $f$ lies in the open left half-plane), then the Hermite-Biehler Theorem says that the polynomials $p(-x^2)$ and $q(-x^2)$ have interlacing real roots. We extend this result to general polynomials by giving a lower bound on the number of real roots of $p(-x^2)$ and $q(-x^2)$ and showing that these real roots interlace. This bound depends on the number of roots of $f$ which lie in the left half plane. Another classical result in the theory of polynomials is Descartes' Rule of Signs, which bounds the number of positive roots of a polynomial in terms of the number of sign changes in its coefficients. We use our extension of the Hermite-Biehler Theorem to give an inverse rule of signs for polynomials with one positive root.

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