Geometry of Asymptotically harmonic manifolds with minimal horospheres

Publication date 1 March 2017

Global Riemannian geometry, including pinching (53C20) Special Riemannian manifolds (Einstein, Sasakian, etc.) (53C25) Differential geometry of symmetric spaces (53C35)

Abstract:

(M^{n}, g)

be a complete Riemannian manifold without conjugate points. In this paper, we show that if

M

is also simply connected, then

M

is flat, provided that

M

is also asymptotically harmonic manifold with minimal horospheres (AHM). The (first order) flatness of

M

is shown by using the strongest criterion:

e_{i}

be an orthonormal basis of

T_{p} M

and

b_{e_{i}}

be the corresponding Busemann functions on

M

. Then, (1) The vector space

V = s p a n b_{v} | v i n T_{p} M

is finite dimensional and dim

V =

dim

M = n

.(2)

a b l a b_{e_{i}} (p)

is a global parallel orthonormal basis of

T_{p} M

for any

p i n M

. Thus,

M

is a parallizable manifold. And (3) F : M -> R^n defined by

F (x) = (b_{e_{1}} (x), b_{e_{2}} (x), c d o t s, b_{e_{n}} (x)),

is an isometry and therefore,

M

is flat. Consequently, AH manifolds can have either polynomial or exponential volume growth,generalizing the corresponding result of [18] for harmonic manifolds. In case of harmonic manifold with minimal horospheres (HM), the (second order) flatness was proved in [23] by showing that

s p a n b_{v}^{2} | v i n T_{p} M

is finite dimensional. We conclude that, the results obtained in this paper are the strongest and wider in comparison to harmonic manifolds, which are known to be AH. In fact, our proof shows the more generalized result, viz.: If (M,g) is a non-compact, complete, connected Riemannian manifold of infinite injectivity radius and of subexponential volume growth, then M is a first order flat manifold.

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