Associating vectors in \CC^n with rank 2 projections in \RR^{2n}: with applications

arXiv1703.02657MaRDI QIDQ6284036FDOQ6284036

Peter G. Casazza, Desai Cheng

Publication date: 7 March 2017

Abstract: We will see that vectors in $C{C}^n$ have natural analogs as rank 2 projections in $R{R}^{2n}$ and that this association transfers many vector properties into properties of rank two projections on $R{R}^{2n}$. We believe that this association will answer many open problems in $C{C}^n$ where the corresponding problem in $R{R}^n$ has already been answered - and vice versa. As a application, we will see that phase retrieval (respectively, phase retrieval by projections) in $C{C}^n$ transfers to a variation of phase retrieval by rank 2 projections (respectively, phase retrieval by projections) on $R{R}^{2n}$. As a consequence, we will answer the open problem: Give the complex version of Edidin's Theorem cite{E} which classifies when projections do phase retrieval in $R{R}^n$. As another application we answer a longstanding open problem concerning fusion frames by showing that fusion frames in $C{C}^n$ associate with fusion frames in $R{R}^{2n}$ with twice the dimension. As another application, we will show that a family of mutually unbiased bases in $C{C}^n$ has a natural analog as a family of mutually unbiased rank 2 projections in $R{R}^{2n}$. The importance here is that there are very few real mutually unbiased bases but now there are unlimited numbers of real mutually unbiased rank 2 projections to be used in their place. As another application, we will give a variaton of Edidin's theorem which gives a surprising classification of norm retrieval. Finally, we will show that equiangular and biangular frames in $C{C}^n$ have an analog as equiangular and biangular rank 2 projections in $R{R}^{2n}$.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

General harmonic expansions, frames (42C15)

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