Exact extremal statistics in the classical 1d Coulomb gas

DOI10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.119.060601arXiv1704.08973WikidataQ49827804 ScholiaQ49827804MaRDI QIDQ6286065FDOQ6286065

Authors: Abhishek Dhar, Anupam Kundu, Satya N. Majumdar, Sanjib Sabhapandit, Grégory Schehr 

Publication date: 28 April 2017

Abstract: We consider a one-dimensional classical Coulomb gas of $N$ like-charges in a harmonic potential -- also known as the one-dimensional one-component plasma (1dOCP). We compute analytically the probability distribution of the position $x_{max}$ of the rightmost charge in the limit of large $N$. We show that the typical fluctuations of $x_{max}$ around its mean are described by a non-trivial scaling function, with asymmetric tails. This distribution is different from the Tracy-Widom distribution of $x_{max}$ for the Dyson's log-gas. We also compute the large deviation functions of $x_{max}$ explicitly and show that the system exhibits a third-order phase transition, as in the log-gas. Our theoretical predictions are verified numerically.

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