The face numbers of homology spheres

MaRDI QIDQ6287722zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Kai Fong Ernest Chong, Tiong Seng Tay

Publication date 11 June 2017

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of commutative algebra (05E40) Combinatorial aspects of simplicial complexes (05E45) Graded rings (13A02) Polyhedral manifolds (52B70) Commutative Artinian rings and modules, finite-dimensional algebras (13E10) Rigidity and flexibility of structures (aspects of discrete geometry) (52C25) Real algebra (13J30)

Abstract: The $g$-theorem is a momentous result in combinatorics that gives a complete numerical characterization of the face numbers of simplicial convex polytopes. The $g$-conjecture asserts that the same numerical conditions given in the $g$-theorem also characterizes the face numbers of all simplicial spheres, or even more generally, all simplicial homology spheres. In this paper, we prove the $g$-conjecture for simplicial $mathbbR$-homology spheres. A key idea in our proof is a new algebra structure for polytopal complexes. Given a polytopal $d$-complex $Delta$, we use ideas from rigidity theory to construct a graded Artinian $mathbbR$-algebra $Psi(Delta,u)$ of stresses on a PL realization $u$ of $Delta$ in $mathbb{R}^d$, where overlapping realized $d$-faces are allowed. In particular, we prove that if $Delta$ is a simplicial $mathbbR$-homology sphere, then for generic PL realizations $u$, the stress algebra $Psi(Delta,u)$ is Gorenstein and has the weak Lefschetz property.

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