A Class of Exactly Solvable Scattering Potentials in Two Dimensions, Entangled State Pair Generation, and a Grazing Angle Resonance Effect

DOI10.1103/PHYSREVA.96.063837arXiv1711.01132MaRDI QIDQ6293446FDOQ6293446

Authors: Farhang Loran, Ali Mostafazadeh 

Publication date: 3 November 2017

Abstract: We provide an exact solution of the scattering problem for the potentials of the form $v(x,y)=ch{i}_a(x)[v_0(x)+v_1(x)e^{ialphay}]$, where $ch{i}_a(x):=1$ for $xin[0,a]$, $ch{i}_a(x):=0$ for $xotin[0,a]$, $v_j(x)$ are real or complex-valued functions, $ch{i}_a(x)v_0(x)$ is an exactly solvable scattering potential in one dimension, and $alpha$ is a positive real parameter.If $alpha$ exceeds the wavenumber $k$ of the incident wave, the scattered wave does not depend on the choice of $v_1(x)$. In particular, $v(x,y)$ is invisible if $v_0(x)=0$ and $k<alpha$. For $k>alpha$ and $v_1(x)eq0$, the scattered wave consists of a finite number of coherent plane-wave pairs $ps{i}_n^{p}m$ with wavevector: $mathbf{k}_n=(pmsqrt{k}^2-(nalpha{)}^2,nalpha)$, where $n=0,1,2,cdots<k/alpha$. This generalizes to the scattering of wavepackets and suggests means for generating quantum states with a quantized component of momentum and pairs of states with an entangled momentum. We examine a realization of these potentials in terms of certain optical slabs. If $k=Nalpha$ for some positive integer $N$, $ps{i}_N^{p}m$ coalesce and their amplitude diverge. If $k$ exceeds $Nalpha$ slightly, $ps{i}_N^{p}m$ have a much larger amplitude than $ps{i}_n^{p}m$ with $n<N$. This marks a resonance effect that arises for the scattered waves whose wavevector makes a small angle with the faces of the slab.

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