Perron-Frobenius Theorem for Rectangular Tensors and Directed Hypergraphs

MaRDI QIDQ6300698FDO

Authors Linyuan Lu, Arthur L. B. Yang, James J. Y. Zhao

Publication date 23 April 2018

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Multilinear algebra, tensor calculus (15A69) Hypergraphs (05C65)

Abstract: For any positive integers $r$, $s$, $m$, $n$, an $(r,s)$-order $(n,m)$-dimensional rectangular tensor $calA=(a_{i_{1}cdots{i}_r}^{j_{1}cdots{j}_s})in({mathbbR}^n{)}^{r}imes({mathbbR}^m{)}^s$ is called partially symmetric if it is invariant under any permutation on the lower $r$ indexes and any permutation on the upper $s$ indexes. Such partially symmetric rectangular tensor arises naturally in studying directed hypergraphs. Ling and Qi [Front. Math. China, 2013] first studied the $(p,q)$-spectral radius (or singular values) and proved a Perron-Fronbenius theorem for such tensors when both $p,qgeqr+s$. We improved their results by extending to all $(p,q)$ satisfying $fracrp+fracsqleq1$. We also proved the Perron-Fronbenius theorem for general nonnegative $(r,s)$-order $(n,m)$-dimensional rectangular tensors when $fracrp+fracsq>1$. We essentially showed that this is best possible without additional conditions on $calA$. Finally, we applied these results to study the $(p,q)$-spectral radius of $(r,s)$-uniform directed hypergraphs.

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