Perron-Frobenius Theorem for Rectangular Tensors and Directed Hypergraphs

arXiv1804.08582MaRDI QIDQ6300698FDOQ6300698

Authors: Linyuan Lu, Arthur L. B. Yang, James J. Y. Zhao 

Publication date: 23 April 2018

Abstract: For any positive integers $r$, $s$, $m$, $n$, an $(r,s)$-order $(n,m)$-dimensional rectangular tensor $calA=(a_{i_{1}cdots{i}_r}^{j_{1}cdots{j}_s})in({mathbbR}^n{)}^{r}imes({mathbbR}^m{)}^s$ is called partially symmetric if it is invariant under any permutation on the lower $r$ indexes and any permutation on the upper $s$ indexes. Such partially symmetric rectangular tensor arises naturally in studying directed hypergraphs. Ling and Qi [Front. Math. China, 2013] first studied the $(p,q)$-spectral radius (or singular values) and proved a Perron-Fronbenius theorem for such tensors when both $p,qgeqr+s$. We improved their results by extending to all $(p,q)$ satisfying $fracrp+fracsqleq1$. We also proved the Perron-Fronbenius theorem for general nonnegative $(r,s)$-order $(n,m)$-dimensional rectangular tensors when $fracrp+fracsq>1$. We essentially showed that this is best possible without additional conditions on $calA$. Finally, we applied these results to study the $(p,q)$-spectral radius of $(r,s)$-uniform directed hypergraphs.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Multilinear algebra, tensor calculus (15A69) Hypergraphs (05C65)

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