Unstable maps

Publication date 4 October 2018

Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory (05C10) Finite automorphism groups of algebraic, geometric, or combinatorial structures (20B25) Covering spaces and low-dimensional topology (57M10) Klein surfaces (30F50)

Abstract: A map which is non-orientable or has non-empty boundary has a canonical double cover which is orientable and has empty boundary. The map is called stable if every automorphism of this cover is a lift of an automorphism of the map. This note describes several infinite families of unstable maps, and relates them to similar phenomena for graphs, hypermaps and Klein surfaces.

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