A Basic Structure for Grids in Surfaces

MaRDI QIDQ6312355zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Lowell Abrams, Daniel Slilaty

Publication date 11 January 2019

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory (05C10) Relations of low-dimensional topology with graph theory (57M15)

Abstract: A graph $G$ embedded in a surface $S$ is called an $S$-grid when every facial boundary walk has length four, that is, the topological dual graph of $G$ in $S$ is 4-regular. Aside from the case where $S$ is the torus or Klein bottle, an $S$-grid must have vertices of degrees other than four. Let the sequence of degrees other than four in $G$ be called the curvature sequence of $G$. We give a succinct characterization of $S$-grids with nonempty curvature sequence $L$ in terms of graphs that have degree sequence $L$ and are immersed in a certain way in $S$; furthermore, the immersion associated with the $S$-grid $G$ is unique and so our characterization of $S$-grids also partitions the collection of all $S$-grids.

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