Long time error analysis of finite difference time domain methods for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with weak nonlinearity

DOI10.4208/CICP.2019.JS60.03zbMATH Open1518.65082arXiv1903.01133MaRDI QIDQ6314992FDOQ6314992

Authors: Weizhu Bao, Yue Feng, Wenfan Yi 

Publication date: 4 March 2019

Abstract: We establish error bounds of the finite difference time domain (FDTD) methods for the long time dynamics of the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation (NKGE) with a cubic nonlinearity, while the nonlinearity strength is characterized by $varepsilo{n}^2$ with $0<varepsilonleq1$ a dimensionless parameter. When $0<varepsilonll1$, it is in the weak nonlinearity regime and the problem is equivalent to the NKGE with small initial data, while the amplitude of the initial data (and the solution) is at $O(varepsilon)$. Four different FDTD methods are adapted to discretize the problem and rigorous error bounds of the FDTD methods are established for the long time dynamics, i.e. error bounds are valid up to the time at $$ with $$, by using the energy method and the techniques of either the cut-off of the nonlinearity or the mathematical induction to bound the numerical approximate solutions. In the error bounds, we pay particular attention to how error bounds depend explicitly on the mesh size $h$ and time step $au$ as well as the small parameter $varepsilonin(0,1]$, especially in the weak nonlinearity regime when $0<varepsilonll1$. Our error bounds indicate that, in order to get ``correct numerical solutions up to the time at $$, the $varepsilon$-scalability (or meshing strategy) of the FDTD methods should be taken as: $$ and $$. Extensive numerical results are reported to confirm our error bounds and to demonstrate that they are sharp.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Oscillation, zeros of solutions, mean value theorems, etc. in context of PDEs (35B05) Second-order nonlinear hyperbolic equations (35L70) PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) KdV equations (Korteweg-de Vries equations) (35Q53) Finite difference methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M06) Stability and convergence of numerical methods for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M12) Error bounds for initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M15) Mesh generation, refinement, and adaptive methods for the numerical solution of initial value and initial-boundary value problems involving PDEs (65M50) Mesh generation, refinement, and adaptive methods for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N50) Computational methods for problems pertaining to quantum theory (81-08) Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics (81V10)

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