Expanding Polynomials and Pairs of Polynomials in Characteristic 0

arXiv1904.01715MaRDI QIDQ6316596FDOQ6316596

Chieu-Minh Tran, Souktik Roy, Yifan Jing

Publication date: 2 April 2019

Abstract: We begin a generalized study of sum-product type phenomenon in different fields by considering pairs $P(x,y)$ and $Q(x,y)$ of two variable polynomials that simultaneously exhibit small symmetric expansion. Our first result is that such $P(x,y)$ and $Q(x,y)$ over $mathbbR$ and $mathbbC$ have very similar structure, obtained by employing semi-algebraic geometry/o-minimality. Then using model-theoretic transfer and basic Galois theory we deduce results for fields of characteristic $0$ and characteristic $p$ when $p$ is large. We obtain as corollaries a generalization of Elekes-R'onyai type structural results to arbitrary characteristic 0 fields, and a strengthening of these classic results in a symmetric case of natural interest. We note a related bound of $5/4$ in the exponent for the sum-product problem in finite fields of large characteristic, although a lower bound for this characteristic cannot be computed from our methods.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Model theory of ordered structures; o-minimality (03C64) Ramsey theory (05D10)

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