Almost-sure exponential mixing of passive scalars by the stochastic Navier-Stokes equations

DOI10.1214/21-AOP1533MaRDI QIDQ6318503arXivWikidataFDO

Authors Jacob Bedrossian, Alex Blumenthal, Samuel Punshon-Smith

Publication date 9 May 2019

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Ergodicity, mixing, rates of mixing (37A25) Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Generation, random and stochastic difference and differential equations (37H10) Dynamical systems in fluid mechanics, oceanography and meteorology (37N10) Applications of stochastic analysis (to PDEs, etc.) (60H30)

Abstract: We deduce almost-sure exponentially fast mixing of passive scalars advected by solutions of the stochastically-forced 2D Navier-Stokes equations and 3D hyper-viscous Navier-Stokes equations in $mathbb{T}^d$ subjected to non-denegenerate $H^{s}igma$-regular noise for any $sigma$ sufficiently large. That is, for all $s>0$ there is a deterministic exponential decay rate such that all mean-zero $H^s$ passive scalars decay in $H^{-s}$ at this same rate with probability one. This is equivalent to what is known as emph{quenched correlation decay} for the Lagrangian flow in the dynamical systems literature. This is a follow-up to our previous work, which establishes a positive Lyapunov exponent for the Lagrangian flow-- in general, almost-sure exponential mixing is much stronger than this. Our methods also apply to velocity fields evolving according to finite-dimensional fluid models, for example Galerkin truncations of Navier-Stokes or the Stokes equations with very degenerate forcing. For all $0leqk<infty$ we exhibit many examples of $C_t^k{C}^{i}nft{y}_x$ random velocity fields that are almost-sure exponentially fast mixers.

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