The LLV decomposition of hyper-Kaehler cohomology

arXiv1906.03432MaRDI QIDQ6320168FDOQ6320168

Mark Green, Y. J. Kim, C. Robles, Radu Laza

Publication date: 8 June 2019

Abstract: Looijenga--Lunts and Verbitsky showed that the cohomology of a compact hyper-K"ahler manifold

X

admits a natural action by the Lie algebra

m a t h f r a k s o (4, b_{2} (X) - 2)

, generalizing the Hard Lefschetz decomposition for compact K"ahler manifolds. In this paper, we determine the Looijenga--Lunts--Verbitsky (LLV) decomposition for all known examples of compact hyper-K"ahler manifolds, and propose a general conjecture on the weights occurring in the LLV decomposition, which in particular determines strong bounds on the second Betti number

b_{2} (X)

of hyper-K"ahler manifolds. Specifically, in the

K 3^{[n]}

and

m a t h r m {K u m}_{n}

cases, we give generating series for the formal characters of the associated LLV representations, which generalize the well-known G"ottsche formulas for the Euler numbers, Betti numbers, and Hodge numbers for these series of hyper-K"ahler manifolds. For the two exceptional cases of O'Grady we refine the known results on their cohomology. In particular, we note that the LLV decomposition leads to a simple proof for the Hodge numbers of hyper-K"ahler manifolds of O'Grady 10 type. In a different direction, for all known examples of hyper-K"ahler manifolds, we establish the so-called Nagai's conjecture on the monodromy of degenerations of hyper-K"ahler manifolds. More consequentially, we note that Nagai's conjecture is a first step towards a more general and more natural conjecture, that we state here. Finally, we prove that this new conjecture is satisfied by the known types of hyper-K"ahler manifolds.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Representations of Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras, algebraic theory (weights) (17B10) Compact Kähler manifolds: generalizations, classification (32J27) Classical real and complex (co)homology in algebraic geometry (14F25)

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