Tropical representations and identities of plactic monoids

DOI10.1090/TRAN/8355arXiv1906.03991MaRDI QIDQ6320239FDOQ6320239

Mark Kambites, Marianne Johnson

Publication date: 10 June 2019

Abstract: We exhibit a faithful representation of the plactic monoid of every finite rank as a monoid of upper triangular matrices over the tropical semiring. This answers a question first posed by Izhakian and subsequently studied by several authors. A consequence is a proof of a conjecture of Kubat and Okni'{n}ski that every plactic monoid of finite rank satisfies a non-trivial semigroup identity. In the converse direction, we show that every identity satisfied by the plactic monoid of rank $n$ is satisfied by the monoid of $nimesn$ upper triangular tropical matrices. In particular this implies that the variety generated by the $3imes3$ upper triangular tropical matrices coincides with that generated by the plactic monoid of rank $3$, answering another question of Izhakian.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Algebraic combinatorics (05E99) Semifields (12K10) Semirings (16Y60) Representation of semigroups; actions of semigroups on sets (20M30) Varieties and pseudovarieties of semigroups (20M07)

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