General comparison theorems for the Klein-Gordon equation in d dimensions

DOI10.1140/EPJP/I2019-12833-5arXiv1906.08762MaRDI QIDQ6320799FDOQ6320799

Authors: Richard L. Hall, Hassan Harb 

Publication date: 20 June 2019

Abstract: We study bound-state solutions of the Klein-Gordon equation $$ for bounded vector potentials which in one spatial dimension have the form $V(x)=v,f(x),$ where $f(x)le0$ is the shape of a finite symmetric central potential that is monotone non-decreasing on $[0,infty)$ and vanishes as $xightarrowinfty.$ Two principal results are reported. First, it is shown that the eigenvalue problem in the coupling parameter $v$ leads to spectral functions of the form $v=G(E)$ which are concave, and at most uni-modal with a maximum near the lower limit $E=-m$ of the eigenenergy $Ein(-m,,m)$. This formulation of the spectral problem immediately extends to central potentials in $d>1$ spatial dimensions. Secondly, for each of the dimension cases, $d=1$ and $dge2$, a comparison theorem is proven, to the effect that if two potential shapes are ordered $f_1(r)leq{f}_2(r),$ then so are the corresponding pairs of spectral functions $G_1(E)leq{G}_2(E)$ for each of the existing eigenvalues. These results remove the restriction to positive eigenvalues necessitated by earlier comparison theorems for the Klein--Gordon equation.

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