Spectrum is rational in dimension one

Abstract: A bounded measurable set

O m e g a s u b s e t {m a t h b b R}^{d}

is called a spectral set if it admits some exponential orthonormal basis

e^{2 p i i l a n g l e l a m b d a, x a n g l e} : l a m b d a i n L a m b d a

for

L^{2} (O m e g a)

. In this paper, we show that in dimension one

d = 1

, any spectrum

L a m b d a

with

0 i n L a m b d a

of a spectral set

O m e g a

with Lebesgue measure normalized to 1 must be rational. Combining previous results that spectrum must be periodic, the Fuglede's conjecture on

{m a t h b b R}^{1}

is now equivalent to the corresponding conjecture on all cyclic groups

{m a t h b b Z}_{n} .

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