Quantum Systems at The Brink. Existence and Decay Rates of Bound States at Thresholds; Atoms

Abstract: It is well known that

N

-electron atoms undergoes unbinding for a critical charge of the nucleus

Z_{c}

, i.e. the atom has eigenstates for the case

Z > Z_{c}

and it has no bound states for

Z < Z_{c}

. In the present paper we derive upper bound for the bound state for the case

Z = Z_{c}

under the assumption

Z_{c} < N - K

where

K

is the number of electrons to be removed for atom to be stable for

Z = Z_{c}

without any change in the ground state energy. We show that the eigenvector decays faster as

e x p l e f t (- C s u m s q r t | x |_{k} i g h t)

where we sum K largest values of

| x_{j} |

,

j i n 1, l d o t s, N

. Our method do not require Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

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