On the inequalities in Hermite's theorem for a real polynomial to have real zeros

arXiv1909.01158MaRDI QIDQ6324599FDOQ6324599

Authors: Mario DeFranco 

Publication date: 3 September 2019

Abstract: We prove expressions for the inequalities in Hermite's theorem which are conditions for a real polynomial to have real zeros. These expressions generalize the discriminant of a quadratic polynomial and the expression of J. Mar'ik for a cubic polynomial. We show that the $(k+1)$-th minor of the Hermite matrix associated a polynomial $p(x)$ is equal to the $k$-th minor of another matrix we call $E(n)$ times $n^{k-1}$ and a simple integer. To prove this equivalence, we prove generalizations of the discriminant of a polynomial and analyze certain labeled directed graphs. To define this matrix $E(n)$ we define functions $M(m_2,m_1,n)$ which are positive if the zeros of $p(x)$ are positive.

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