The phaseless rank of a matrix

DOI10.1137/19M1289820MaRDI QIDQ6324740arXivFDO

Authors António Pedro Goucha, João Gouveia

Publication date 5 September 2019

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Factorization of matrices (15A23) Nonconvex programming, global optimization (90C26) Semidefinite programming (90C22) Semialgebraic sets and related spaces (14P10) Vector spaces, linear dependence, rank, lineability (15A03) Foundations of tropical geometry and relations with algebra (14T10)

Abstract: We consider the problem of finding the smallest rank of a complex matrix whose absolute values of the entries are given. We call this minimum the phaseless rank of the matrix of the entrywise absolute values. In this paper we study this quantity, extending a classic result of Camion and Hoffman and connecting it to the study of amoebas of determinantal varieties and of semidefinite representations of convex sets. As a consequence, we prove that the set of maximal minors of a matrix of indeterminates form an amoeba basis for the ideal they define, and we attain a new upper bound on the complex semidefinite extension complexity of polytopes, dependent only on their number of vertices and facets. We also highlight the connections between the notion of phaseless rank and the problem of finding large sets of complex equiangular lines or mutually unbiased bases.

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