Tensorial generalization of characters

DOI10.1007/JHEP12(2019)127arXiv1909.06921MaRDI QIDQ6325350FDOQ6325350

Authors: H. Itoyama, A. Mironov, Aleksey Morozov

Publication date: 15 September 2019

Abstract: In rainbow tensor models, which generalize rectangular complex matrix model (RCM) and possess a huge gauge symmetry

U (N_{1}) i m e s l d o t s i m e s U (N_{r})

, we introduce a new sub-basis in the linear space of gauge invariant operators, which is a redundant basis in the space of operators with non-zero Gaussian averages. Its elements are labeled by

r

-tuples of Young diagrams of a given size equal to the power of tensor field. Their tensor model averages are just products of dimensions:

B i g < c h i_{R_{1}, l d o t s, R_{r}} B i g > s i m C_{R_{1}, l d o t s, R_{r}} D_{R_{1}} (N_{1}) l d o t s D_{R_{r}} (N_{r})

of representations

R_{i}

of the linear group

S L (N_{i})

, with

C_{R_{1}, l d o t s, R_{r}}

made of the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of representations

R_{i}

of the symmetric group. Moreover, not only the averages but the operators

c h i_{v e c R}

themselves exist only when these

C_{v e c R}

are non-vanishing. This sub-basis is much similar to the basis of characters (Schur functions) in matrix models, which is distinguished by the property

B i g < m c h a r a c t e r B i g > s i m c h a r a c t e r

, which opens a way to lift the notion and the theory of characters (Schur functions) from matrices to tensors. In particular, operators

c h i_{v e c R}

are eigenfunctions of operators which generalize the usual cut-and-join operators

h a t W

; they satisfy orthogonality conditions similar to the standard characters, but they do not form a {it full} linear basis for all gauge-invariant operators, only for those which have non-vanishing Gaussian averages.

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