Describing the Jelonek set of polynomial maps via Newton polytopes

arXiv1909.07016MaRDI QIDQ6325366FDOQ6325366

Boulos El Hilany

Publication date: 16 September 2019

Abstract: Let $K=C$, or $R$, and $S_f$ be the set of points in $K^n$ at which a polynomial map $f:K^{n}ightarrow{K}^n$ is non-proper. Jelonek proved that $S_f$ is a semi-algebraic set that is ruled by polynomial curves, with $dim{S}_{f}leqn-1$, and provided a method to compute $S_f$ for $K=C$. However, such methods do not exist for $K=R$. In this paper, we establish a straightforward description of $S_f$ for a large family of non-proper maps $f$ using the Newton polytopes of the polynomials appearing in $f$. Thus resulting in a new method for computing $S_f$ that works for $K=R$, and highlights an interplay between the geometry of polytopes and that of $S_f$. As an application, we recover some of Jelonek's results, and provide conditions on (non-)properness of $f$. Moreover, we discover another large family of maps $f$ whose $S_f$ has dimension $n-1$ (even for $K=R$), satisfies an explicit stratification, and weak smoothness properties. This novel description allows our tools to be extended to all non-proper maps.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(n)-dimensional polytopes (52B11) Rational and birational maps (14E05) Polynomials in real and complex fields: location of zeros (algebraic theorems) (12D10)

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