Generation of off-critical zeros for hypercubic Epstein zeta-functions

DOI10.1016/J.AMC.2021.126611arXiv1909.07112MaRDI QIDQ6325376FDOQ6325376

Publication date: 16 September 2019

Abstract: We study the Epstein zeta-function formulated on the

d

-dimensional hypercubic lattice,

z e t a^{(d)} (s) = (1 / 2) s i d e s e t' s u m_{n_{1}, l d o t s, n_{d}} (n_{1}^{2} + c d o t s + n_{d}^{2})^{- s / 2}

where

R e (s) > d

and the summation runs over all integers excluding the origin. An analytical continuation of the Epstein function to the whole complex

s

-plane is constructed for spatial dimension

d

being a continuous variable ranging from

0

to

i n f t y

. We are interested in zeros

h o = h o_{x} + m i h o_{y}

defined by

z e t a^{(d)} (h o) = 0

. Besides the trivial zeros, there exist "critical" zeros (on the critical line) with

h o_{x} = f r a c d 2

and "off-critical" zeros (off the critical line) with

h o_{x} e f r a c d 2

. Our numerical results reveal that critical zeros form closed or semi-open curves

h o_{y} (d)

which enclose disjunctive regions of the complex plane

(h o_{x} = d / 2, h o_{y})

. Each curve involves a number of left/right edge points

h o^{*}

, defined by an infinite tangent

m d h o_{y} / m d d v e r t_{h o^{*}}

, which give rise to two conjugate tails of off-critical zeros with continuously varying dimension

d

. The curves of critical and off-critical zeros exhibit a singular expansion around edge points whose derivation resembles to the one around a critical point of mean-field type (with exponent

1 / 2

for the order parameter) in many-body statistical models. Further it turns out that for each

d > 9.24555 l d o t s

there exists a conjugate pair of {em real} off-critical zeros which tend to the boundaries

0

and

d

of the critical strip in the limit

d o i n f t y

. As a by-product of the formalism, we derive an exact result for

l i m_{d o 0} z e t a^{(d)} (s) / d

and an equidistant distribution of critical zeros along the imaginary axis in the limit

d o i n f t y

.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

(zeta (s)) and (L(s, chi)) (11M06) Analytic theory (Epstein zeta functions; relations with automorphic forms and functions) (11E45) Other Dirichlet series and zeta functions (11M41)

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