Arithmetic properties of polynomial solutions of the Diophantine equation P(x)x^{n+1}+Q(x)(x+1)^{n+1}=1

DOI10.1007/S10998-020-00376-5MaRDI QIDQ6325925arXivFDO

Authors Karl Dilcher, Maciej Ulas

Publication date 24 September 2019

Published in arXiv

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/S10998-020-00376-5

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Linear Diophantine equations (11D04) Polynomials in general fields (irreducibility, etc.) (12E05) Special polynomials in general fields (12E10)

arXiv classification

math.NT

Abstract: For each integer $ngeq1$ we consider the unique polynomials $P,QinmathbbQ[x]$ of smallest degree $n$ that are solutions of the equation $P(x)x^{n+1}+Q(x)(x+1{)}^{n+1}=1$. We derive numerous properties of these polynomials and their derivatives, including explicit expansions, differential equations, recurrence relations, generating functions, resultants, discriminants, and irreducibility results. We also consider some related polynomials and their properties.

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