Norm one tori and Hasse norm principle

DOI10.1090/MCOM/3735MaRDI QIDQ6326482arXivWikidataFDO

Authors Akinari Hoshi, Kazuki Kanai, Aiichi Yamasaki

Publication date 3 October 2019

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Actions of groups on commutative rings; invariant theory (13A50) Rationality questions in algebraic geometry (14E08) Integral representations of finite groups (20C10) Galois cohomology of linear algebraic groups (11E72) Linear algebraic groups over arbitrary fields (20G15) Transcendental field extensions (12F20)

Abstract: Let $k$ be a field and $T$ be an algebraic $k$-torus. In 1969, over a global field $k$, Voskresenskii proved that there exists an exact sequence $0oA(T)o{H}^1(k,mPic,overlineX{)}^{v}eeoSha(T)o0$ where $A(T)$ is the kernel of the weak approximation of $T$, $Sha(T)$ is the Shafarevich-Tate group of $T$, $X$ is a smooth $k$-compactification of $T$, $overlineX=Xime{s}_{k}overlinek$, $mPic,overlineX$ is the Picard group of $overlineX$ and $vee$ stands for the Pontryagin dual. On the other hand, in 1963, Ono proved that for the norm one torus $T=R_{K/k}^{(1)}(G_m)$ of $K/k$, $Sha(T)=0$ if and only if the Hasse norm principle holds for $K/k$. First, we determine $H^1(k,mPic,overlineX)$ for algebraic $k$-tori $T$ up to dimension $5$. Second, we determine $H^1(k,mPic,overlineX)$ for norm one tori $T=R_{K/k}^{(1)}(G_m)$ with $[K:k]=nleq15$ and $neq12$. We also show that $H^1(k,mPic,overlineX)=0$ for $T=R_{K/k}^{(1)}(G_m)$ when the Galois group of the Galois closure of $K/k$ is the Mathieu group $M_{n}leq{S}_n$ with $n=11,12,22,23,24$. Third, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the Hasse norm principle for $K/k$ with $[K:k]=nleq15$ and $neq12$. As applications of the results, we get the group $T(k)/R$ of $R$-equivalence classes over a local field $k$ via Colliot-Th'{e}l`{e}ne and Sansuc's formula and the Tamagawa number $au(T)$ over a number field $k$ via Ono's formula $au(T)=|H^1(k,widehatT)|/|Sha(T)|$.

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