Every noncompact surface is a leaf of a minimal foliation

Publication date 30 October 2019

Dynamics induced by group actions other than (mathbb{Z}) and (mathbb{R}), and (mathbb{C}) (37C85) Foliations in differential topology; geometric theory (57R30)

Abstract: We show that any noncompact oriented surface is homeomorphic to the leaf of a minimal foliation of a closed

3

-manifold. These foliations are (or are covered by) suspensions of continuous minimal actions of surface groups on the circle. Moreover, the above result is also true for any prescription of a countable family of topologies of open surfaces: they can coexist in the same minimal foliation. All the given examples are hyperbolic foliations, meaning that they admit a leafwise Riemannian metric of constant negative curvature. Many oriented Seifert manifolds with a fibered incompressible torus and whose associated orbifold is hyperbolic admit minimal foliations as above. The given examples are not transversely

C^{2}

-smoothable.

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