Spectral Monotonicity of Perturbed Quasi-positive Matrices with Applications in Population Dynamics
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Publication:6328632
arXiv1911.02232MaRDI QIDQ6328632FDOQ6328632
Zhisheng Shuai, Junping Shi, Yixiang Wu, Shanshan Chen
Publication date: 6 November 2019
Abstract: Threshold values in population dynamics can be formulated as spectral bounds of matrices, determining the dichotomy of population persistence and extinction. For a square matrix , where is a quasi-positive matrix describing population dispersal among patches in a heterogeneous environment and is a diagonal matrix encoding within-patch population dynamics, the monotonicy of its spectral bound with respect to dispersal speed/coupling strength/travel frequency is established via two methods. The first method is an analytic derivation utilizing a graph-theoretic approach based on Kirchhoff's Matrix-Tree Theorem; the second method employs Collatz-Wielandt formula from matrix theory and complex analysis arguments. It turns out that our established result is a slightly strengthen version of Karlin-Altenberg's Theorem, which has previously been discovered independently while investigating reduction principle in evolution biology and evolution dispersal in patchy landscapes. Nevertheless, our result provides a new and effective approach in stability analysis of complex biological systems in a heterogeneous environment. We illustrate this by applying our result to well-known ecological models of single species, predator-prey and competition, and an epidemiological model of susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) type. We successfully solve some open problems in the literature of population dynamics.
Eigenvalues, singular values, and eigenvectors (15A18) Population dynamics (general) (92D25) Ecology (92D40) Stability of solutions to ordinary differential equations (34D20) Eigenvalues, estimation of eigenvalues, upper and lower bounds of ordinary differential operators (34L15)
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