Bosonic quantum communication across arbitrarily high loss channels

DOI10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.125.110504arXiv2003.08895WikidataQ99718371 ScholiaQ99718371MaRDI QIDQ6337047FDOQ6337047

Authors: Ludovico Lami, Martin B. Plenio, V. Giovannetti, Alexander S. Holevo 

Publication date: 19 March 2020

Abstract: A general attenuator $Ph{i}_{lambda,sigma}$ is a bosonic quantum channel that acts by combining the input with a fixed environment state $sigma$ in a beam splitter of transmissivity $lambda$. If $sigma$ is a thermal state the resulting channel is a thermal attenuator, whose quantum capacity vanishes for $lambdaleq1/2$. We study the quantum capacity of these objects for generic $sigma$, proving a number of unexpected results. Most notably, we show that for any arbitrary value of $lambda>0$ there exists a suitable single-mode state $sigma(lambda)$ such that the quantum capacity of $Ph{i}_{lambda,sigma(lambda)}$ is larger than a universal constant $c>0$. Our result holds even when we fix an energy constraint at the input of the channel, and implies that quantum communication at a constant rate is possible even in the limit of arbitrarily low transmissivity, provided that the environment state is appropriately controlled. We also find examples of states $sigma$ such that the quantum capacity of $Ph{i}_{lambda,sigma}$ is not monotonic in $lambda$. These findings may have implications for the study of communication lines running across integrated optical circuits, of which general attenuators provide natural models.

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