A Local Law for Singular Values from Diophantine Equations

arXiv2005.04102MaRDI QIDQ6340311FDOQ6340311

Authors: Arka Adhikari, Marius Lemm 

Publication date: 8 May 2020

Abstract: We introduce the $NimesN$ random matrices ${\displaystyle }$ X_{j,k}=expleft(2pi i sum_{q=1}^d omega_{j,q} k^q ight) quad ext{with } {omega_{j,q}}_{substack{1leq jleq N\ 1leq qleq d}} ext{ i.i.d. random variables}, ${\displaystyle }$ and $d$ a fixed integer. We prove that the distribution of their singular values converges to the local Marchenko-Pastur law at scales $N^{-het{a}_d}$ for an explicit, small $het{a}_d>0$, as long as $dgeq18$. To our knowledge, this is the first instance of a random matrix ensemble that is explicitly defined in terms of only $O(N)$ random variables exhibiting a universal local spectral law. Our main technical contribution is to derive concentration bounds for the Stieltjes transform that simultaneously take into account stochastic and oscillatory cancellations. Important ingredients in our proof are strong estimates on the number of solutions to Diophantine equations (in the form of Vinogradov's main conjecture recently proved by Bourgain-Demeter-Guth) and a pigeonhole argument that combines the Ward identity with an algebraic uniqueness condition for Diophantine equations derived from the Newton-Girard identities.

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