On the stability and spectral properties of the two-dimensional Brown-Ravenhall operator with a short-range potential

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2022.169201MaRDI QIDQ6340853arXivFDO

Authors Magno Branco Alves, Oswaldo M. Del Cima, Daniel H. T. Franco

Publication date 16 May 2020

Published in arXiv

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AOP.2022.169201

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Bessel and Airy functions, cylinder functions, ({}_0F_1) (33C10) Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15) PDEs in connection with quantum mechanics (35Q40) Applications of functional analysis in quantum physics (46N50) Selfadjoint operator theory in quantum theory, including spectral analysis (81Q10) Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics (81V10) Fermionic systems in quantum theory (81V74)

arXiv classification

cond-mat.str-elhep-thmath-phmath.MPquant-ph

Abstract: The Brown-Ravenhall operator was initially proposed as an alternative to describe the fermion-fermion interaction via Coulomb potential and subject to relativity. This operator is defined in terms of the associated Dirac operator and the projection onto the positive spectral subspace of the free Dirac operator. In this paper, we propose to analyze a modified version of the Brown-Ravenhall operator in two-dimensions. More specifically, we consider the Brown-Ravenhall operator with a short-range attractive potential given by a Bessel-Macdonald function (also known as $K_0$-potential) using the Foldy-Wouthuysen unitary transformation. Initially, we prove that the two-dimensional Brown-Ravenhall operator with $K_0$-potential is bounded from below when the coupling constant is below a specified critical value (a property also referred to as stability). A major feature of this model is the fact that it does not cease to be bounded below even if the coupling constant is above the specified critical value. We also investigate the nature of the spectrum of this operator, in particular the location of the essential spectrum, and the existence of eigenvalues, which are either isolated from the essential spectrum or embedded in it.

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