On complete and incomplete exponential systems

arXiv2007.07972MaRDI QIDQ6345191FDOQ6345191

Authors: Alex Iosevich, Azita Mayeli 

Publication date: 15 July 2020

Abstract: Given a bounded domain $Omegasubset{BbbR}^d$ with positive measure and a finite set $A=a^1,a^2,dots,a^d$, we say that the set $mathcalE(A)={e^{2piixcdot{a}^j}}_{a^{j}inA}$ is a complete exponential system if for every $xiin{BbbR}^d$, there exists $1leqjleqd+1$ such that �egin{equation} label{completedef} int_{Omega} e^{-2 pi i x cdot (a^j-xi)} dx

ot=0; end{equation} otherwise $mathcalE(A)$ is called an incomplete exponential system. In this paper, we essentially classify complete and incomplete exponential systems when $Omega=B_d$, the unit ball, and when $Omega=Q_d$, the unit cube. Given a bounded domain $Omega$, we say that $e^{2piixcdota},e^{2piixcdot{a}^{\prime }}$ are $phi$-approximately orthogonal if ${\displaystyle }$|widehat{chi}_{Omega}(a-a')| leq phi(|a-a'|), a

eq a'${\displaystyle }$ where $phi:[0,infty)o[0,infty)$ is a bounded measurable function that tends to $0$ at infinity. We prove that $L^2(B_d)$ does not possess a $phi$-approximate orthogonal basis of exponentials for a wide range of functions $phi$. The proof involves connections with the theory of distances in sets of positive Lebesgue upper density originally developed by Furstenberg, Katznelson and Weiss (cite{FKW90}).

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Harmonic analysis in several variables (42Bxx)

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