What are GT-shadows?

arXiv2008.00066MaRDI QIDQ6346271FDOQ6346271

Authors: V. A. Dolgushev, H. Q. Le, Aidan A. Lorenz 

Publication date: 31 July 2020

Abstract: Let $B_4$ (resp. $P{B}_4$) be the braid group (resp. the pure braid group) on 4 strands and $NF{I}_{P{B}_4}(B_4)$ be the poset whose objects are finite index normal subgroups of $B_4$ that are contained in $P{B}_4$. In this paper, we introduce GT-shadows which may be thought of as "approximations" to elements of the profinite version $widehatGT$ of the Grothendieck-Teichmueller group (see V. Drinfeld, Algebra i Analiz, 1990). We prove that GT-shadows form a groupoid whose objects are elements of $NF{I}_{P{B}_4}(B_4)$. We show that GT-shadows coming from elements of $widehatGT$ satisfy various additional properties and we investigate these properties. We establish an explicit link between GT-shadows and the group $widehatGT$ (see Theorem 3.8). We also present selected results of computer experiments on GT-shadows. In the appendix of this paper, we give a complete description of GT-shadows in the Abelian setting. We also prove that, in the Abelian setting, every GT-shadow comes from an element of $widehatGT$. Objects very similar to GT-shadows were introduced in a paper by D. Harbater and L. Schneps in 1997. A variation of the concept of $GT$-shadows for the coarse version of $widehatGT$ was studied in papers by P. Guillot.

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