Growth of the Wang-Casati-Prosen counter in an integrable billiard

DOI10.21468/SCIPOSTPHYS.14.2.017arXiv2011.09467MaRDI QIDQ6354053FDOQ6354053

Authors: Zaijong Hwang, C. A. Marx, Joseph Seaward, Svetlana Ya. Jitomirskaya, Maxim Olshanii 

Publication date: 18 November 2020

Abstract: This work is motivated by an article by Wang, Casati, and Prosen [Phys. Rev. E vol. 89, 042918 (2014)] devoted to a study of ergodicity in two-dimensional irrational right-triangular billiards. Numerical results presented there suggest that these billiards are generally not ergodic. However, they become ergodic when the billiard angle is equal to $pi/2$ times a Liouvillian irrational, a Liouvillian irrational, a class of irrational numbers which are well approximated by rationals. In particular, Wang et al. study a special integer counter that reflects the irrational contribution to the velocity orientation; they conjecture that this counter is localized in the generic case, but grows in the Liouvillian case. We propose a generalization of the Wang-Casati-Prosen counter: this generalization allows to include rational billiards into consideration. We show that in the case of a $45^{circ}!!:!45^{circ}!!:!90^{circ}$ billiard, the counter grows indefinitely, consistent with the Liouvillian scenario suggested by Wang et al.

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