Odd values of the Ramanujan tau function

DOI10.1007/S00208-021-02241-3arXiv2101.02933MaRDI QIDQ6357833FDOQ6357833

Authors Michael A. Bennett, Adela Gherga, Vandita Patel, Samir Siksek

Publication date 8 January 2021

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Galois representations (11F80) Higher degree equations; Fermat's equation (11D41) Exponential Diophantine equations (11D61) Automorphic forms on (mbox{GL}(2)); Hilbert and Hilbert-Siegel modular groups and their modular and automorphic forms; Hilbert modular surfaces (11F41)

Abstract: We prove a number of results regarding odd values of the Ramanujan $au$-function. For example, we prove the existence of an effectively computable positive constant $kappa$ such that if $au(n)$ is odd and $nge25$ then either [ P( au(n)) ; > ; kappa cdot frac{logloglog{n}}{loglogloglog{n}} ] or there exists a prime $pmidn$ with $au(p)=0$. Here $P(m)$ denotes the largest prime factor of $m$. We also solve the equation $au(n)=pm{3}^{b_1}{5}^{b_2}{7}^{b_3}11^{b_4}$ and the equations $au(n)=pm{q}^b$ where $3leq<100$ is prime and the exponents are arbitrary nonnegative integers. We make use of a variety of methods, including the Primitive Divisor Theorem of Bilu, Hanrot and Voutier, bounds for solutions to Thue--Mahler equations due to Bugeaud and GyH{o}ry, and the modular approach via Galois representations of Frey-Hellegouarch elliptic curves.

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