Sharp Uncertainty Principle inequality for solenoidal fields

DOI10.1016/J.MATPUR.2023.01.008arXiv2104.02351MaRDI QIDQ6364628FDOQ6364628

Authors: Naoki Hamamoto 

Publication date: 6 April 2021

Abstract: This paper solves the $L^2$ version of Maz'ya's open problem (Integral Equations Operator Theory 2018) on the sharp uncertainty principle inequality [int_{mathbb{R}^N}| abla {�fit u}|^2dxint_{mathbb{R}^N}|{�fit u}|^2|{�fit x}|^2dxge C_Nleft(int_{mathbb{R}^N}|{�fit u}|^2dx ight)^2] for solenoidal (namely divergence-free) vector fields $$ on $mathbb{R}^N$. The best value of the constant turns out to be $C_N=frac14left(sqrt{N}^2-4(N-3)+2ight{)}^2$ which exceeds the original value $N^2/4$ for unconstrained fields. Moreover, we show the attainability of $C_N$ and specify the profiles of the extremal solenoidal fields: for $Nge4$, the extremals are proportional to a poloidal field that is axisymmetric and unique up to the axis of symmetry; for $N=3$, there additionally exist extremal toroidal fields.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Calculus of vector functions (26B12) Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators (26D10) Inequalities applied to PDEs involving derivatives, differential and integral operators, or integrals (35A23) Uncertainty relations, also entropic (81S07)

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