Every Salami has two ends

arXiv2105.11887MaRDI QIDQ6368481FDOQ6368481

Publication date: 25 May 2021

Abstract: A salami is a connected, locally finite, weighted graph with non-negative Ollivier Ricci curvature and at least two ends of infinite volume. We show that every salami has exactly two ends and no vertices with positive curvature. We moreover show that every salami is recurrent and admits harmonic functions with constant gradient. The proofs are based on extremal Lipschitz extensions, a variational principle and the study of harmonic functions. Assuming a lower bound on the edge weight, we prove that salamis are quasi-isometric to the line, that the space of all harmonic functions has finite dimension, and that the space of subexponentially growing harmonic functions is two-dimensional. Moreover, we give a Cheng-Yau gradient estimate for harmonic functions on balls.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Structural characterization of families of graphs (05C75) Methods of global Riemannian geometry, including PDE methods; curvature restrictions (53C21) Global geometric and topological methods (à la Gromov); differential geometric analysis on metric spaces (53C23)

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