BPS Algebras in 2D String Theory

Vertex operators; vertex operator algebras and related structures (17B69) Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to quantum theory (81-02) Infinite-dimensional groups and algebras motivated by physics, including Virasoro, Kac-Moody, (W)-algebras and other current algebras and their representations (81R10) Path integrals in quantum mechanics (81S40) String and superstring theories; other extended objects (e.g., branes) in quantum field theory (81T30) Correspondence, duality, holography (AdS/CFT, gauge/gravity, etc.) (81T35) Two-dimensional field theories, conformal field theories, etc. in quantum mechanics (81T40) Supersymmetric field theories in quantum mechanics (81T60)

arXiv classification

hep-th math.QA math.RT

Abstract: We discuss a set of heterotic and type II string theory compactifications to 1+1 dimensions that are characterized by factorized internal worldsheet CFTs of the form

, where

V_{1}, V_{2}

are self-dual (super) vertex operator algebras. In the cases with spacetime supersymmetry, we show that the BPS states form a module for a Borcherds-Kac-Moody (BKM) (super)algebra, and we prove that for each model the BKM (super)algebra is a symmetry of genus zero BPS string amplitudes. We compute the supersymmetric indices of these models using both Hamiltonian and path integral formalisms. The path integrals are manifestly automorphic forms closely related to the Borcherds-Weyl-Kac denominator. Along the way, we comment on various subtleties inherent to these low-dimensional string compactifications.

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