Rational homology disk smoothings of surface singularities; the exceptional cases

MaRDI QIDQ6375685zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Enrique Artal Bartolo, Jonathan Wahl

Publication date 20 August 2021

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singularities of curves, local rings (14H20) Fundamental group, presentations, free differential calculus (57M05) Topological aspects of complex singularities: Lefschetz theorems, topological classification, invariants (32S50)

Abstract: It is known (Stipsicz-Szab'o-Wahl) that there are exactly three triply-infinite and seven singly-infinite families of weighted homogeneous normal surface singularities admitting a rational homology disk ($mathbbQ$HD) smoothing, i.e., having a Milnor fibre with Milnor number zero. Some examples are found by an explicit "quotient construction", while others require the "Pinkham method". The fundamental group of the Milnor fibre has been known for all except the three exceptional families $mathcal{B}_2^3(p),mathcal{C}_2^3(p),$ and $mathcal{C}_3^3(p)$. In this paper, we settle these cases. We present a new explicit construction for the $mathcal{B}_2^3(p)$ family, showing the fundamental group is non-abelian (as occurred previously only for the $mathcal{A}^4(p),mathcal{B}^4(p)$ and $mathcal{C}^4(p)$ cases). We show that the fundamental groups for $mathcal{C}_2^3(p)$ and $mathcal{C}_3^3(p)$ are abelian, hence easily computed; using the Pinkham method here requires precise calculations for the fundamental group of the complement of a plane curve.

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