Distribution of values of Gaussian hypergeometric functions

DOI10.4310/PAMQ.2023.V19.N1.A14arXiv2108.09560MaRDI QIDQ6375741FDOQ6375741

Authors: Ken Ono, Hasan Saad, Neelam Saikia 

Publication date: 21 August 2021

Abstract: In the 1980's, Greene defined {it hypergeometric functions over finite fields} using Jacobi sums. The framework of his theory establishes that these functions possess many properties that are analogous to those of the classical hypergeometric series studied by Gauss and Kummer. These functions have played important roles in the study of Ap'ery-style supercongruences, the Eichler-Selberg trace formula, Galois representations, and zeta-functions of arithmetic varieties. We study the value distribution (over large finite fields) of natural families of these functions. For the ${}_2{F}_1$ functions, the limiting distribution is semicircular (i.e. $SU(2)$), whereas the distribution for the ${}_3{F}_2$ functions is the {it Batman} distribution for the traces of the real orthogonal group $O_3$.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Holomorphic modular forms of integral weight (11F11) Siegel modular groups; Siegel and Hilbert-Siegel modular and automorphic forms (11F46) Curves over finite and local fields (11G20) Other character sums and Gauss sums (11T24) Special functions in characteristic (p) (gamma functions, etc.) (33E50)

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