The quandle coloring invariant of a reducible handlebody-knot
Recall that a genus \(g\) handlebody-knot [the first author, Algebr. Geom. Topol. 8, No. 3, 1403--1418 (2008; Zbl 1151.57007)] is a genus \(g\) handlebody embedded in the 3-sphere. Two handlebody-knots are equivalent if one can be transformed into the other by an isotopy of \(S^3\). A handlebody-knot \(H\) is reducible if there exists a 2-sphere in \(S^3\) such that the intersection of \(H\) and the 2-sphere is an essential disk properly embedded in \(H\). A handlebody-knot that is not reducible is irreducible. \textit{H. Moriuchi, M. Suzuki} and the authors [J. Knot Theory Ramifications 21, No. 4, 1250035, 9 p. (2012; Zbl 1236.57015)] gave a table of genus two handle body-knots up to six crossings, and classified them according to crossing number and irreducibility. In this paper, the authors provide the methods used to detect the irreducibility used to build the table. To establish their results, the authors use the quandle coloring invariant defined by the first author and \textit{M. Iwakiri} [Can. J. Math. 64, No. 1, 102--122 (2012; Zbl 1245.57014)]. In the final section, the authors use their results to show two particular genus 2 handlebody-knots are irreducible.
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- The Gordian distance of handlebody-knots and Alexander biquandle colorings
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- Knotted handle decomposing spheres for handlebody-knots
- A TABLE OF GENUS TWO HANDLEBODY-KNOTS UP TO SIX CROSSINGS
- Unknotting numbers for handlebody-knots and Alexander quandle colorings
- Inequivalent handlebody-knots with homeomorphic complements
- An invariant for colored bonded knots
- Handlebody-knots and development of quandle theory
- A table of n-component handlebody links of genus n+1 up to six crossings
- Rigidity and symmetry of cylindrical handlebody-knots
- On invariants of surfaces in the 3-sphere
- An invariant derived from the Alexander polynomial for handlebody-knots
- New quantum invariants of theta-curves with base points
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