Thermodynamic formalism for continuous-time quantum Markov semigroups: the detailed balance condition, entropy, pressure and equilibrium quantum processes

DOI10.1142/S123016122350018XarXiv2201.05094OpenAlexW4391476813WikidataQ128810746 ScholiaQ128810746MaRDI QIDQ6388201FDOQ6388201

Authors: Jader E. Brasil, Josué Knorst, A. O. Lopes 

Publication date: 13 January 2022

Abstract: $M_n(mathbbC)$ denotes the set of $n$ by $n$ complex matrices. Consider continuous time quantum semigroups $mathcal{P}_t=e^{t,mathcalL}$, $tgeq0$, where $mathcalL:M_n(mathbbC)o{M}_n(mathbbC)$ is the infinitesimal generator. If we assume that $mathcalL(I)=0$, we will call $e^{t,mathcalL}$, $tgeq0$ a quantum Markov semigroup. Given a stationary density matrix $ho=h{o}_{mathcalL}$, for the quantum Markov semigroup $mathcal{P}_t$, $tgeq0$, we can define a continuous time stationary quantum Markov process, denoted by $X_t$, $tgeq0.$ Given an {it a priori} Laplacian operator $mathcal{L}_0:M_n(mathbbC)o{M}_n(mathbbC)$, we will present a natural concept of entropy for a class of density matrices on $M_n(mathbbC)$. Given an Hermitian operator $A:mathbb{C}^{n}omathbb{C}^n$ (which plays the role of an Hamiltonian), we will study a version of the variational principle of pressure for $A$. A density matrix $h{o}_A$ maximizing pressure will be called an equilibrium density matrix. From $h{o}_A$ we will derive a new infinitesimal generator $mathcal{L}_A$. Finally, the continuous time quantum Markov process defined by the semigroup $mathcal{P}_t=e^{t,mathcal{L}_A}$, $tgeq0$, and an initial stationary density matrix, will be called the continuous time equilibrium quantum Markov process for the Hamiltonian $A$. It corresponds to the quantum thermodynamical equilibrium for the action of the Hamiltonian $A$.

Full work available at URL: https://doi.org/10.1142/s123016122350018x

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum theory (81-XX)

Cited In (2)

• On the quantum Guerra-Morato action functional
• Thermodynamic formalism on the Skorokhod space: the continuous-time Ruelle operator, entropy, pressure, entropy production and expansiveness

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