Weak and Strong Extremal Biquadratics

arXiv2204.10625MaRDI QIDQ6397191FDOQ6397191

Authors: Grigoriy Blekherman, Bogdan Raita, Isabelle Shankar, Rainer Sinn 

Publication date: 22 April 2022

Abstract: We study quasiconvex quadratic forms on $nimesm$ matrices which correspond to nonnegative biquadratic forms in $(n,m)$ variables. We disprove a conjecture stated by Harutyunyan--Milton (Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 70(11), 2017) as well as Harutyunyan--Hovsepyan (Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 244, 2022) that extremality in the cone of quasiconvex quadratic forms on $3imes3$ matrices can follow only from the extremality of the determinant of its acoustic tensor, using previous work by Buckley--v{S}ivic (Linear Algebra Appl. 598, 2020). Our main result is to establish a conjecture of Harutyunyan--Milton (Comm. Pure Appl. Math. 70(11), 2017) that weak extremal quasiconvex quadratics on $3imes3$ matrices are strong extremal. Our main technical ingredient is a generalization of the work of Kunert--Scheiderer on extreme nonnegative ternary sextics (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 370(6), 2018). Specifically, we show that a nonnegative ternary sextic, which is not a square, is extremal if and only if its variety (over the complex numbers) is a rational curve and all its singularities are real.

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Real algebraic sets (14P05) Methods involving semicontinuity and convergence; relaxation (49J45)

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