\times a and \times b empirical measures, the irregular set and entropy

Abstract: For integers

a

and

b g e q 2

, let

T_{a}

and

T_{b}

be multiplication by

a

and

b

on

m a t h b b T = m a t h b b R / m a t h b b Z

. The action on

m a t h b b T

by

T_{a}

and

T_{b}

is called

i m e s a, i m e s b

action and it is known that, if

a

and

b

are multiplicatively independent, then the only

i m e s a, i m e s b

invariant and ergodic measure with positive entropy of

T_{a}

or

T_{b}

is the Lebesgue measure. However, whether there exists a nontrivial

i m e s a, i m e s b

invariant and ergodic measure is not known. In this paper, we study the empirical measures of

x i n m a t h b b T

with respect to the

i m e s a, i m e s b

action and show that the set of

x

such that the empirical measures of

x

do not converge to any measure has Hausdorff dimension

1

and the set of

x

such that the empirical measures can approach a nontrivial

i m e s a, i m e s b

invariant measure has Hausdorff dimension zero. Furthermore, we obtain some equidistribution result about the

i m e s a, i m e s b

orbit of

x

in the complement of a set of Hausdorff dimension zero.

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