A basic homogenization problem for the p-Laplacian in {\mathbb R}^d perforated along a sphere: L^\infty estimates

MaRDI QIDQ6399167zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Peter V. Gordon, Fedor Nazarov, Yuval Peres

Publication date 14 May 2022

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Nonlinear boundary value problems for nonlinear elliptic equations (35J66) Quasilinear elliptic equations with (p)-Laplacian (35J92)

Abstract: We consider a boundary value problem for the $p$-Laplacian, posed in the exterior of small cavities that all have the same $p$-capacity and are anchored to the unit sphere in $mathbb{R}^d$, where $1<p<d.$ We assume that the distance between anchoring points is at least $varepsilon$ and the characteristic diameter of cavities is $alphavarepsilon$, where $alpha=alpha(varepsilon)$ tends to 0 with $varepsilon$. We also assume that anchoring points are asymptotically uniformly distributed as $varepsilondownarrow0$, and their number is asymptotic to a positive constant times $varepsilo{n}^{1-d}$. The solution $u=u^{v}arepsilon$ is required to be 1 on all cavities and decay to 0 at infinity. Our goal is to describe the behavior of solutions for small $varepsilon>0$. We show that the problem possesses a critical window characterized by $au:=li{m}_{varepsilondownarrow0}alpha/alph{a}_{c}in(0,infty)$, where $alph{a}_c=varepsilo{n}^{1/gamma}$ and $gamma=fracd-pp-1.$ We prove that outside the unit sphere, as $varepsilondownarrow0$, the solution converges to $A_{\ast }U$ for some constant $A_{\ast }$, where $U(x)=min1,|x{|}^{-gamma}$ is the radial $p$-harmonic function outside the unit ball. Here the constant $A_{\ast }$ equals 0 if $au=0$, while $A_{\ast }=1$ if $au=infty$. In the critical window where $au$ is positive and finite, $A_{\ast }in(0,1)$ is explicitly computed in terms of the parameters of the problem. We also evaluate the limiting $p$-capacity in all three cases mentioned above. Our key new tool is the construction of an explicit ansatz function $u_{A_{\ast }}^{v}arepsilon$ that approximates the solution $u^{v}arepsilon$ in $L^{infty}(mathbb{R}^d)$ and satisfies $|abla{u}^{v}arepsilon-abla{u}_{A_{\ast }}^{v}arepsilon{|}_{L^p(mathbb{R}^d)}o0$ as $varepsilondownarrow0$.

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