Power and limitations of single-qubit native quantum neural networks

arXiv2205.07848MaRDI QIDQ6399298FDOQ6399298

Zhan Yu, Xin Wang, Hongshun Yao, Mujin Li

Publication date: 16 May 2022

Abstract: Quantum neural networks (QNNs) have emerged as a leading strategy to establish applications in machine learning, chemistry, and optimization. While the applications of QNN have been widely investigated, its theoretical foundation remains less understood. In this paper, we formulate a theoretical framework for the expressive ability of data re-uploading quantum neural networks that consist of interleaved encoding circuit blocks and trainable circuit blocks. First, we prove that single-qubit quantum neural networks can approximate any univariate function by mapping the model to a partial Fourier series. We in particular establish the exact correlations between the parameters of the trainable gates and the Fourier coefficients, resolving an open problem on the universal approximation property of QNN. Second, we discuss the limitations of single-qubit native QNNs on approximating multivariate functions by analyzing the frequency spectrum and the flexibility of Fourier coefficients. We further demonstrate the expressivity and limitations of single-qubit native QNNs via numerical experiments. We believe these results would improve our understanding of QNNs and provide a helpful guideline for designing powerful QNNs for machine learning tasks.

This page was built for publication: Power and limitations of single-qubit native quantum neural networks

Report a bug (only for logged in users!)Click here to report a bug for this page (MaRDI item Q6399298)