Chiral symmetry: An analytic SU(3) unitary matrix

Abstract: The

S U (2)

unitary matrix

U

employed in hadronic low-energy processes has both exponential and analytic representations, related by

U = e x p l e f t [i m a t h b f a u c d o t h a t m a t h b f p i h e t a, i g h t] = c o s h e t a I + i m a t h b f a u c d o t h a t m a t h b f p i s i n h e t a

. One extends this result to the

S U (3)

unitary matrix by deriving an analytic expression which, for Gell-Mann matrices

m a t h b f l a m b d a

, reads

U = e x p l e f t [i m a t h b f v c d o t m a t h b f l a m b d a i g h t] = l e f t [l e f t (F + f r a c 23 G i g h t) I + l e f t (H h a t m a t h b f v + f r a c 1 s q r t 3 G h a t m a t h b f b i g h t) c d o t m a t h b f l a m b d a, i g h t] + i l e f t [l e f t (Y + f r a c 23 Z i g h t) I + l e f t (X h a t m a t h b f v + f r a c 1 s q r t 3 Z h a t m a t h b f b i g h t) c d o t m a t h b f l a m b d a i g h t]

, with

v_{i} = [, v_{1}, c d o t s v_{8},]

,

b_{i} = d_{i j k}, v_{j}, v_{k}

, and factors

F, c d o t s Z

written in terms of elementary functions depending on

v = | m a t h b f v |

and

e t a = 2, d_{i j k}, h a t v_{i}, h a t v_{j}, h a t v_{k} / 3

. This result does not depend on the particular meaning attached to the variable

m a t h b f v

and the analytic expression is used to calculate explicitly the associated left and right forms. When

m a t h b f v

represents pseudoscalar meson fields, the classical limit corresponds to

l a n g l e 0 | e t a | 0 a n g l e i g h t a r r o w e t a i g h t a r r o w 0

and yields the cyclic structure

U = l e f t l e f t [f r a c 13 l e f t (1 + 2 c o s v i g h t) I + f r a c 1 s q r t 3 l e f t (- 1 + c o s v i g h t) h a t m a t h b f b c d o t m a t h b f l a m b d a i g h t] + i l e f t (s i n v i g h t) h a t m a t h b f v c d o t m a t h b f l a m b d a i g h t

, which gives rise to a tilted circumference with radius

s q r t 2 / 3

in the space defined by

I

,

h a t m a t h b f b c d o t m a t h b f l a m b d a

, and

h a t m a t h b f v c d o t m a t h b f l a m b d a

. The axial transformations of the analytic matrix are also evaluated explicitly.

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