The differential spectrum and boomerang spectrum of a class of locally-APN functions

DOI10.1007/S10623-022-01161-WMaRDI QIDQ6403513arXivFDO

Authors Zhao Hu, Nian Li, Linjie Xu, Xiangyong Zeng, Xiaohu Tang

Publication date 29 June 2022

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Cryptography (94A60) Algebraic coding theory; cryptography (number-theoretic aspects) (11T71) Finite fields (field-theoretic aspects) (12E20)

Abstract: In this paper, we study the boomerang spectrum of the power mapping $F(x)=x^{k(q-1)}$ over ${mathbbF}_{q^2}$, where $q=p^m$, $p$ is a prime, $m$ is a positive integer and $gcd(k,q+1)=1$. We first determine the differential spectrum of $F(x)$ and show that $F(x)$ is locally-APN. This extends a result of [IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 57(12):8127-8137, 2011] from $(p,k)=(2,1)$ to general $(p,k)$. We then determine the boomerang spectrum of $F(x)$ by making use of its differential spectrum, which shows that the boomerang uniformity of $F(x)$ is 4 if $p=2$ and $m$ is odd and otherwise it is 2. Our results not only generalize the results in [Des. Codes Cryptogr. 89:2627-2636, 2021] and [arXiv:2203.00485, 2022] but also extend the example $x^{45}$ over ${mathbbF}_{2^8}$ in [Des. Codes Cryptogr. 89:2627-2636, 2021] into an infinite class of power mappings with boomerang uniformity 2.

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