Isoperimetric Formulas for Hyperbolic Animals
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Publication:6403570
General applied mathematics (00A69) Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory (05C10) Vertex degrees (05C07) Asymptotic enumeration (05A16) Isoperimetric problems for polytopes (52B60) Combinatorial inequalities (05A20) Polyominoes (05B50) Lattices and convex bodies in (2) dimensions (aspects of discrete geometry) (52C05) Tilings in (2) dimensions (aspects of discrete geometry) (52C20) Extremal combinatorics (05D99)
Abstract: An animal is a planar shape formed by attaching congruent regular polygons along their edges. In 1976, Harary and Harborth gave closed isoperimetric formulas for Euclidean animals. Here, we provide analogous formulas for hyperbolic animals. We do this by proving a connection between Sturmian words and the parameters of a discrete analogue of balls in the graph determined by hyperbolic tessellations. This reveals a complexity in hyperbolic animals that is not present in Euclidean animals.
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